Canada
Understanding Canada through its geography and winemaking.
Ontario supported by lakes; dry inland areas in the west; maritime regions in the east. Learn the differences among provinces, from icewine to dry and sparkling styles.
You can study geography, grape varieties, appellations, and winemaking in sequence. Knowledge gained from articles can be verified through exercises comparing regions and styles.
Grasp the location of the region.
- Niagara Peninsula: Between the lake and the escarpment. Southern Ontario
- Ontario's two lakeshore regions Eastern edge of Lake Ontario
- Okanagan: Reading a Long North-South Valley BC Inland
- BC’s Inland and Pacific Coast BC Vancouver Island
- Quebec: Cold hardiness and regional certification Southern Quebec
- Nova Scotia: Coastal Whites and Sparkling Nova Scotia
Choose from articles
Lakes, oceans and continental interiors
Canada / Overview
Think separately about cold winters and the ripening summer for grapes.
Canadian origin systems
Read VQA and IGP by region.
Don’t assume VQA is a nationwide unified set of regulations; check which province and region the rules cover.
Vinifera and hybrid varieties
Read varieties in terms of ripening and frost resistance.
Clarify the role of hybrid varieties in addition to Riesling and Pinot.
Niagara Peninsula
Niagara Peninsula: Between the lake and the escarpment.
Check the positions of Lake Ontario and the escarpment, and compare the topography and growing conditions across subregions.
Lake Erie North Shore and Prince Edward County
Ontario's two lakeshore regions
We compare two other major appellations aside from Niagara.
Okanagan Valley
Okanagan: Reading a Long North-South Valley
The main Western growing regions consider summer heat, dryness, and lakes all at once.
Beyond the Okanagan
BC’s Inland and Pacific Coast
First, organize the nine GIs by dividing them into inland and coastal areas.
Québec
Quebec: Cold hardiness and regional certification
Learn about the response to cold and IGPs that trace wine from vineyard to bottle.
Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia: Coastal Whites and Sparkling
Learn about the eastern maritime regions through both Tidal Bay and sparkling wines.
Icewine and concentration
Icewine: From Freezing to Pressing
Grapes that have frozen naturally on the vine are pressed while still frozen, leaving part of the water as ice to create a concentrated juice. This process is covered here.
Nova Scotia’s white wine appellation
Tidal Bay: The regional shared style of white wine
Instead of fixing on a single grape variety, regional styles are shaped by grapes and classification panels.
Major topics of study are selected and included. This is not an encyclopedia listing every appellation, variety, or producer.