What you can learn on this site
Even with the same variety, how do vineyard conditions and winemaking change the wine? As you check the region's topography, history, and origin regulations, gain the knowledge to understand individual wines.
In the thematic courses, you progress from an overview of each country to key regions, varieties, and then to specific vineyards or producers. You can also select intriguing articles from maps or encyclopedias to read.
Scope of coverage by country
We cover the overview, main regions, grape varieties, appellations & winemaking for each country, and provide detailed articles and comparative exercises for representative themes. This is not an encyclopedia listing every appellation, grape variety, or producer.
Separate facts from interpretations.
Information about appellations comes primarily from the EU’s registry, protection consortia, and producers’ own official records. Regional outlines rely on official tourism bodies. Comparisons and review questions in the text use these sources and are explained for study purposes on this site.
While tourism authority explanations can help you learn about the region, they are not regulations. For legal confirmation of grape ratios, yields, aging periods, and detailed labeling requirements, use the official current regulations. Do not treat producers’ self-assessments as objective rankings, nor assume direct causation between flavor and soil.
Update date and references
'Article update date' is when the article text was last updated; 'Reference verification date' is when sources were last checked. These do not match the date a regulation came into effect. If a reference date is missing, this will be indicated.
For newly written explanations or revised sections of the main text, include the basis for each section. Indicate the target year for sources with a specified year. As regulations may change, please check the edition and period of application of the reference.
Study records and privacy
'Completed', 'Read later', your own notes, answers and reviews from exercises, and a record of quiz mistakes are stored locally in the browser on this device. There are no functions to send study records to a server. No login is required, and there is no automatic syncing between different devices or browsers. You can export a backup file from Study notebook and restore it in another browser. During restoration, records are read on the device and merged, with priority given to existing notes and answers. Deleting your browser data will also erase your records, so please keep backups of any important records. Neither proprietary analytics nor ad tracking is installed.
About the map
Topographic outlines are public domainNatural Earth…is used. The outlines of additional countries are simplified using the same data at 1:110m. Italian regional numbers and French producer locations mark study reference points. Administrative boundaries, appellation areas, and vineyard surface area are not shown. The 14 French regions are educational divisions and not official administrative units.
List of reference materials
- Etna Protection Association | Regional Geography ↗
- Alto Adige Protection Consortium|Regional Overview ↗
- AWRI|Climate and water conditions and grapevine growth ↗
- UNESCO | Vineyards of Piedmont Landscape ↗
- Produttori del Barbaresco|Producer official ↗
- European Commission | Official register of geographical indications ↗
- MASAF | DOP and IGP wines of Italy ↗
- Chianti Classico Consorzio | UGA ↗
- Langhe Vini|Barbaresco DOCG ↗
- Same Association | Recioto ↗
- Valpolicella Protection Consortium | Ripasso ↗
- Valpolicella Protection Consortium | Educational Program ↗
- Franciacorta Consortium | Wine & Winemaking ↗
- Protection Association|Conegliano Valdobbiadene Terroir ↗
- Champagne Committee | Ageing on lees ↗
- OIV|International Code of Oenological Practices ↗
- AWRI|Measurement of extractable tannins and winemaking decisions ↗
- Langhe Vini|Barolo DOCG ↗
- Brunello Consortium | Official site & regulations ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Italian Government Tourism Board | Regions and Staffolo of Marche ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Benanti | Official Website ↗
- Biondi-Santi | Brunello: Producer Official Source ↗
- Cantina Terlano | Producer official site / History ↗
- Benanti | Producer Official & History ↗
- Alsace Wine Committee|Topography and Viticulture ↗
- Languedoc Wine Board|Terroir & Appellations ↗
- InterLoire|Les cépages ↗
- INAO | AOP and AOC ↗
- INAO|IGP ↗
- BIVB | Beaune Appellations and Climats ↗
- Joseph Drouhin | Clos des Mouches Red 2021 ↗
- Domaine Chanson|Clos des Mouches blanc ↗
- Champagne Committee | Tirage and secondary fermentation ↗
- Champagne Committee | Dosage ↗
- Champagne Committee | The process of making white wine from black grapes ↗
- Roussillon Wine Council | Winemaking and Aging (PDF) ↗
- Jura Wine Committee|Regions and wines (PDF) ↗
- Medoc Producers Association | Grape varieties and ripening ↗
- CIVB | Merlot ↗
- Château Margaux | Vineyard Parcels ↗
- BIVB | Overview of Burgundy (PDF) ↗
- BIVB | White Wine Vinification ↗
- BIVB | Vessels, Lees, and Choices in Aging ↗
- InterLoire | Loire sparkling wines ↗
- DWI | Sweetness-dryness indication ↗
- Inter Rhône | Guide to grape varieties and appellations, 2026 Edition (PDF) ↗
- Alsace Wine Committee|Vendanges Tardives ↗
- Beaujolais Wine Council | Regions and winemaking (PDF) ↗
- Medoc Producers Association | Soils and climate ↗
- Château Margaux|Grand Vin 2021 ↗
- Château Margaux|Grand Vin 2022 ↗
- BIVB | From Terroir to Climat ↗
- Champagne Committee | Grape varieties and subregions ↗
- Bollinger | Special Cuvée ↗
- Bollinger|La Grande Année 2014 ↗
- Champagne Committee | Subterranean geology and water uptake ↗
- Provence Wines Committee | Geography, Varieties, Rosé (PDF) ↗
- INRAE, IFV | Vermentino grape information ↗
- French Ministry of Agriculture | Vin de Savoie Production Regulations (2021 edition) ↗
- IRQUALIM | South-West regions (PDF) ↗
- Corsica Agricultural and Rural Development Agency|Viticulture ↗
- BIVB | Chablis Appellations and Grape Varieties ↗
- Joseph Drouhin|Clos des Mouches blanc ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Protection Association|Barolo Map ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Lombardy Tourist Board|Wineries and regions ↗
- Friuli Tourism | Collio DOC ↗
- Emilia-Romagna Regional Tourism Bureau ↗
- Chianti Classico Consorzio | Study Course ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- Italia.it | Official Italian Government Tourism Website ↗
- AWRI|Vineyard conditions and the ripening process ↗
- Cornell CALS|Water stress in grapevines ↗
- IVDP | Port winemaking ↗
- Sherry Appellation Council|The role of fortification (March 2026) ↗
- DWI | Eiswein ↗
- British Columbia: Wines of Marked Quality Regulation – Current version including the 2025 amendments ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers:centralotago ↗
- Santa Rita:Leyda ↗
- National Wine Agency: Qvevri ↗
- Guerila: Rebula Selection 2021 technical notes ↗
- Lumière: Koshu Sur Lie 2024 ↗
- Bodega Garzón|Albariño Reserva 2023 ↗
- Campbells | Muscat and Topaque classification ↗
- Klein Constantia: Vin de Constance 2022 technical sheet ↗
- INRAE, IFV, Institut Agro | Chardonnay grape information ↗
- Franciacorta Consortium | Varieties and Winemaking Process ↗
- DWI | Riesling ↗
- DWI | Prädikats ↗
- Vinea Wachau|Wachau DAC ↗
- DWI | Spätburgunder ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers:Sauvignon Blanc ↗
- Cloudy Bay: Te Koko 2023 - Vineyards and winemaking ↗
- CIVB | Sémillon ↗
- CIVB | Cabernet Sauvignon ↗
- Napa Valley Vintners|Cabernet Growing Conditions ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers:hawkesbay ↗
- Radburnd Cellars|Merlot Cabernet 2020 ↗
- Wine Australia|Shiraz / Syrah ↗
- Wine Australia | Rotundone and Pepper Aromas ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers|Syrah ↗
- Garnacha Origen・CIVR|Types of Grenache ↗
- Domaine Boudau | Vin Doux Naturel ↗
- CIVB | Malbec and Cot ↗
- Wines of Argentina | Differences in Altitude and Wine ↗
- Zuccardi: Concreto 2019 Technical Information ↗
- Chenin Blanc Association|Style differences ↗
- Old Vine Project: Certification and Purpose ↗
- DWI | Grauburgunder ↗
- CIVA | Pinot Gris ↗
- Specogna|Pinot Grigio Ramato ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers|Pinot Gris ↗
- Brokenwood | ILR Reserve Semillon: Winemaking ↗
- Wine Australia | Young and Bottle-Aged Semillon ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers|Gewürztraminer ↗
- Trimbach | Wines and Source Vineyards ↗
- CIVA|Sélection de Grains Nobles ↗
- Valtellina|Sforzato di Valtellina DOCG ↗
- Valtellina|Territory ↗
- Chianti Classico|Grapes and production regions ↗
- Consorzio Brunello|Appellations & production conditions ↗
- Consorzio Brunello|Rosso di Montalcino ↗
- Ribera del Duero | Grapes ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Aragonez / Tinta Roriz ↗
- Rioja Wine Academy | Grapes and regions ↗
- DOCa Rioja | Red wine vinification and aging ↗
- DO Rías Baixas|Distinguishing grape variety and origin ↗
- Rías Baixas | Viticulture and winemaking ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Alvarinho ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Touriga Nacional ↗
- ViniPortugal|Douro ↗
- IVDP | Port winemaking ↗
- IVDP | Douro winemaking ↗
- Weinviertel|Grüner Veltliner ↗
- Weinviertel DAC | Regions and Grape Varieties ↗
- Wiener Wein|Wiener Gemischter Satz DAC ↗
- Wines of Greece|Assyrtiko ↗
- Wines of Greece|PDO Santorini ↗
- GAIA|Vinsanto Winemaking ↗
- Oremus|Mandolás ↗
- Disznókő | Harvest and selection of raw materials ↗
- Disznókő | Aszú winemaking ↗
- National Wine Agency: Red grape varieties ↗
- National Wine Agency of Georgia|Kindzmarauli regulations ↗
- Koshu of Japan|Cultivation and characteristics of Koshu ↗
- Château Mercian | Koshu: Winemaking Methods and Diversity ↗
- Wines of Greece | Xinomavro ↗
- Wines of Greece | PDO Naoussa ↗
- Wines of Greece | PDO Amynteo ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Baga ↗
- ViniPortugal|Bairrada ↗
- Luís Pato | Experiment in splitting harvest times ↗
- Luís Pato|Espumante Baga 2021 ↗
- National Wine Agency: White grape varieties ↗
- National Wine Agency of Georgia|Qvevri winemaking ↗
- Sakpatenti: Tsinandali Specification ↗
- Valpolicella Protection Consortium | Grapes and Wines ↗
- San Rustico | Ripasso Winemaking ↗
- Irpinia Protection Association | Aglianico ↗
- Irpinia Protection Association | Regions and Appellations ↗
- Campania | Taurasi production regulations ↗
- Basilicata Chamber of Commerce | Aglianico del Vulture Superiore regulations ↗
- Laore Sardegna|Vermentino and the various appellations ↗
- Sardinia | Vermentino di Sardegna DOC ↗
- Marche Wine Protection Consortium | Matelica’s Geography and Wines ↗
- Marche Wine Protection Consortium | Appellations ↗
- Etna Producers’ Association | Carricante ↗
- Sicily IRVO | Etna DOC Conditions ↗
- Benanti|Contrada Dafara Galluzzo ↗
- Benanti|Etna Bianco ↗
- Benanti|Pietra Marina ↗
- Vins de Loire|Red Wines and Grape Varieties ↗
- Bordeaux Wine Council | Cabernet Franc ↗
- Magyar Bor|Classification and History of Villányi Franc ↗
- Viña Carmen: 30th Anniversary of Carménère Rediscovery ↗
- Montes Alpha Carmenère 2018 Technical Data ↗
- Wines of South Africa|The Pinotage Name and Crossbreeding ↗
- Kanonkop|Kadette Pinotage Rosé 2023 ↗
- Kanonkop|Kadette Cape Blend 2023 ↗
- Uruguay Wine / INAVI | The History and Varieties of Tannat ↗
- Uruguay Wine / INAVI | Wine Regions of Uruguay ↗
- Bodega Garzón|Tannat Reserva 2023 ↗
- Wines of Greece|Agiorgitiko ↗
- D.O. La Mancha|Grapes ↗
- Bodegas Altovela|Airén ↗
- BIVB|Bourgogne aligoté ↗
- INAO|Bouzeron ↗
- Comité Interprofessionnel des Vins de Savoie|Cépages ↗
- INAO|Roussette de Savoie Frangy ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Arinto ↗
- Roero Protection Consortium | Roero and Roero Arneis ↗
- Langhe Vini|Local grape varieties ↗
- Consorzio Barbera d’Asti e Vini del Monferrato|Barbera ↗
- Consorzio DOC Pinerolese|Barbera ↗
- Iwanohara Vineyard: Zenbei Grapes ↗
- Iwanohara Vineyard: Zenbei 2022 ↗
- Yamanashi Prefecture Fruit Tree Testing Center | Kai Noir & Kai Blanc ↗
- Austrian Ministry of Agriculture | Blaufränkisch ↗
- Deutsches Weininstitut|Lemberger ↗
- DO Utiel-Requena|Bobal ↗
- Inter Rhône|Carignan ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Castelão ↗
- Swiss Wine|Chasselas ↗
- Deutsches Weininstitut|Gutedel ↗
- Valais Wine|Fendant ↗
- Inter Rhône|Cinsault ou Cinsaut ↗
- Consorzio Tutela del Gavi|Gavi DOCG ↗
- National Tax Agency: GI Osaka production standards ↗
- Langhe Vini|Dolcetto ↗
- Langhe Vini|Dolcetto d’Alba DOC ↗
- Deutsches Weininstitut|Dornfelder ↗
- Bayerische Landesanstalt für Weinbau und Gartenbau|Dornfelder ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Encruzado ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Fernão Pires / Maria Gomes ↗
- Mastroberardino|Fiano di Avellino Product Information ↗
- Mastroberardino|Greco di Tufo Product Information ↗
- InterLoire|Vins blancs ↗
- BNIC|Les cépages du Cognac ↗
- Librandi|Vini rossi ↗
- Librandi|Segno Librandi Cirò Rosso Classico DOC technical sheet ↗
- Inter Beaujolais | Beaujolais Gamay ↗
- Inter Beaujolais | The semi-carbonic maceration process ↗
- Swiss Wine|Gamay ↗
- Soave Protection Consortium|Le uve ↗
- Consorzio Prosecco DOC|Disciplinare ↗
- DO Valdeorras | Wine categories ↗
- Sicilia DOC|Meet the Grapes ↗
- InterLoire|Guide des appellations 2024 ↗
- Disznókő | Cultivated varieties ↗
- Sárga Borház|Late Harvest Hárslevelű 2018 ↗
- Alto Adige Wine Consortium|Lagrein ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Loureiro ↗
- DO Cava|Approved varieties ↗
- DOCa Rioja|Viura ↗
- Inter Rhône|Saint-Péray ↗
- Les Jamelles|Marsanne ↗
- ANIVIN DE FRANCE|Melon ↗
- Fédération des Vins de Nantes|L’élevage sur lie ↗
- DO Bierzo|Region data 2021 ↗
- Consorzio Vini d’Abruzzo|Montepulciano d’Abruzzo disciplinare ↗
- Consorzio Vino Nobile di Montepulciano|Press kit 2024 ↗
- Wines of Greece | Moschofilero Varieties and Production Methods ↗
- INRAE・IFV・Institut Agro|Mourvèdre ↗
- Inter Rhône|Mourvèdre ↗
- Deutsches Weininstitut|Müller-Thurgau ↗
- Deutsches Weininstitut | The crossing history of Müller-Thurgau ↗
- San Marzano|Il Pumo Negroamaro ↗
- Alps | Grape variety explanations ↗
- St. Cousair | 2025 Niagara Blanc, Nagano Ryugan (2026 release) ↗
- Consorzio Vini del Trentino|Nosiola ↗
- Consorzio Vini del Trentino|Vino Santo ↗
- Sherry Regulatory Council|Viticulture ↗
- Sherry Regulatory Council|Ageing ↗
- Sherry Regulatory Council|Pedro Ximénez ↗
- CIVB|Petit Verdot ↗
- IGP Val de Loire|Les cépages ↗
- CIVA|Pinot Blanc d’Alsace ↗
- Deutsches Weininstitut|Weißburgunder ↗
- UC Davis FPS|The Zinfandels of FPS ↗
- UC Davis FPS|Zinfandel ↗
- Livio Felluga|Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso 2021 ↗
- Schiopetto|Ribolla Gialla 2020 technical sheet ↗
- Edelwein | History of Satsukichonagane ↗
- INAO|Cour-Cheverny ↗
- Maison des Vins de Cheverny et Cour-Cheverny ↗
- Inter Rhône|Roussanne ↗
- Tablas Creek|2023 Roussanne ↗
- Manns Wines | Japanese Grape Varieties ↗
- Consorzio Tutela Vini Montefalco|Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG ↗
- Michel Tissot & Fils|Types de vins et cépages ↗
- Domaine de la Pinte|Savagnin ouillé 36 mois 2020 ↗
- Swiss Wine Valais|Heida ↗
- Wines of Greece|Savatiano ↗
- Wines of Greece | Retsina Production Process ↗
- Madeira Wine Company | Madeira grapes ↗
- Deutsches Weininstitut|Silvaner ↗
- Swiss Wine Valais|Johannisberg ↗
- Austrian Ministry of Agriculture | St. Laurent ↗
- Mezzacorona|Teroldego Rotaliano ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Tinta Negra ↗
- Di Majo Norante|Tintilia 2021 ↗
- INV: The three Torrontés varieties ↗
- Wines of Argentina|Torrontés styles ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Touriga Franca ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Trincadeira ↗
- Inter Rhône|Ugni blanc ↗
- DO Rueda|Verdejo ↗
- DO Rueda|Lees and bâtonnage ↗
- Wines of Portugal|Verdelho ↗
- Ontario Wine Appellation Authority: Indications and varietal/winemaking categories ↗
- Ontario|VQA wine rules, O. Reg. 406/00 ↗
- Inter Rhône|Viognier ↗
- Inter Rhône|Condrieu ↗
- Inter Rhône|Côte-Rôtie ↗
- Familie Weiss|Welschriesling 2025 ↗
- Allacher|Trockenbeerenauslese Welschriesling 2020 ↗
- Tokachi Wine | Grape cultivation ↗
- Höpler|Zweigelt ↗
- Salzl Seewinkelhof|Zweigelt ↗
- Château Figeac | Wines and Selection ↗
- Château Figeac | 2019 Vintage ↗
- Léoville Barton | 2021 Technical Data ↗
- Barton | Family History ↗
- Moueix|Château Trotanoy ↗
- Moueix|Espérance de Trotanoy ↗
- Méo-Camuzet | Wine List ↗
- Méo-Camuzet|Clos de Vougeot ↗
- Méo-Camuzet | History ↗
- DBR Lafite|William Fèvre ↗
- Domaine Mugnier|Producer Introduction ↗
- Domaine Mugnier|Clos de la Maréchale ↗
- Bonneau du Martray | Domaine ↗
- Bonneau du Martray|Corton-Charlemagne ↗
- Henriot|Brut Souverain ↗
- Henriot|Blanc Souverain ↗
- Deutz|Maison & Cuvées ↗
- Biodyvin | Domaine Vacheron Member Introduction ↗
- Académie du Vin de France | Sancerre Visit Materials ↗
- Domaine des Baumard|Estate ↗
- Domaine des Baumard|Quarts de Chaume 2017 ↗
- Europvin|Domaine Jean-Louis Chave ↗
- Frescobaldi|List of Estates ↗
- Frescobaldi|Nipozzano Riserva 2022 ↗
- Frescobaldi|Campo ai Sassi 2022 ↗
- Allegrini|Palazzo della Torre 2022 ↗
- Allegrini | La Grola Vineyard ↗
- Planeta | Wine List ↗
- Planeta|Cerasuolo di Vittoria ↗
- Planeta|Santa Cecilia ↗
- Feudi di San Gregorio|Pietracalda ↗
- Feudi di San Gregorio|Cutizzi ↗
- Feudi di San Gregorio|Feudistudi ↗
- Argiolas | Producer Profile ↗
- Argiolas|Turriga ↗
- Argiolas | Wine List ↗
- Ca’ del Bosco|Annamaria Clementi ↗
- Ca’ del Bosco|Cuvée Annamaria Clementi 2004 ↗
- Familia Torres|Milmanda 2018 / Mas La Plana 2017 ↗
- Familia Torres|Milmanda 2023 ↗
- DOQ Priorat|Álvaro Palacios ↗
- DOQ Priorat|Els Noms de la Terra ↗
- Robert Weil | Vineyards ↗
- Robert Weil|ERSTE LAGE ↗
- Robert Weil | Official Wine List ↗
- F.X. Pichler|Family and Winery ↗
- F.X. Pichler|Vineyards and Wines ↗
- Kracher|Winery ↗
- Graham’s|Six Grapes ↗
- Graham’s|20 Year Old Tawny ↗
- Graham’s|20 Year Old Technical Information ↗
- Robert Mondavi|To Kalon Reserve Fumé Blanc 2020 ↗
- Robert Mondavi|To Kalon Reserve ↗
- Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars|Estate Vineyards ↗
- Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars|CASK 23 2022 ↗
- Yalumba|The Virgilius Viognier 2021 ↗
- Yalumba|The Virgilius Viognier 2023 ↗
- Felton Road|Pinot Noir Block 3 2022 ↗
- Felton Road|Pinot Noir Block 5 2022 ↗
- Zuccardi|Concreto 2014 ↗
- Zuccardi|Concreto 2022 ↗
- Concha y Toro | History ↗
- Concha y Toro|Don Melchor 2021 ↗
- Kanonkop|Estate Range ↗
- Kanonkop|History of Pinotage ↗
- Château Mercian | Regions & Vineyards ↗
- Producer official: Introduction to Fèlsina ↗
- Producer official: Rancia Chianti Classico Riserva ↗
- Producer Official: Fontalloro Toscana ↗
- Producer official: Winery and Paris tastings ↗
- Producer official: Sonoma County Chardonnay 2022 and history ↗
- Producer official: Napa Valley Chardonnay 2022 technical data ↗
- Producer official: Wine lineup ↗
- Producer organization: History of the area around Aro station ↗
- Producer official: Prado Enea Gran Reserva 2019 technical data ↗
- Producer official: Prado Enea Gran Reserva ↗
- Producer official: Group history ↗
- Producer official: Viña Ardanza 2019 technical data ↗
- Producer Official: Clos des Goisses Vineyard ↗
- Producer Official: Clos des Goisses 2014 Technical Sheet ↗
- Producer official: The château and grand vin ↗
- Producer Official: Ducru-Beaucaillou 2022 Technical Sheet (March 2023) ↗
- Producer official: La Croix Ducru-Beaucaillou 2022 technical data (March 2023) ↗
- Producer official: Vineyard and label composition ↗
- Producer official: Les Tourelles de Pichon Baron 2023 ↗
- Producer official: Les Griffons de Pichon Baron 2023 ↗
- Producer Official: Alter Ego ↗
- Producer Official: Historical XIXth Century Wine Commentary (May 2022) ↗
- Producer Official: Dellchen Riesling GG Product Information ↗
- Producer Official: Dellchen Riesling GG 2025 Technical Sheet (version checked) ↗
- Producer Official: Hermannshöhle Riesling GG 2025 Technical Sheet (version checked) ↗
- VDP regional association: Producer profile of Joh. Jos. Prüm ↗
- Producer official: Explanation of wines and vineyards ↗
- Australian importer Vinify: Vineyard introduction ↗
- Australian importer Vinify: Source of published information ↗
- Producer official: Wine and technical information booklet ↗
- Importer Kermit Lynch: Producer & label technical dossier ↗
- Importer Kermit Lynch: Alzero 2016 ↗
- Producer official: Maison history ↗
- Producer Official: Grande Réserve ↗
- Producer Official: Grande Réserve French Technical Sheet ↗
- Producer Official: Brut Réserve ↗
- Producer Official: Charles Style ↗
- Producer Official: Grand Siècle Edition No.26 Technical Sheet ↗
- Producer Official: Grand Siècle Edition No.26 ↗
- Producer official: History, viticulture, and winemaking ↗
- Importer MMD USA: Réserve de la Comtesse 2021 ↗
- Importer MMD USA: Réserve de la Comtesse 2022 ↗
- Producer official: Introduction to the château ↗
- Producer official: Montrose 2021 technical data ↗
- Producer official: Montrose 2022 technical data ↗
- Henschke|History of the Hill of Grace vineyard ↗
- Henschke|Mount Edelstone Vineyard ↗
- Henschke|2019 single-vineyard wine ↗
- Opus One: Founding and Vineyards ↗
- Opus One: Overture — Composition in 2016 and 2017 ↗
- Opus One|Overture 2021 ↗
- Vega Sicilia|Unico Reserva Especial Venta 2025 ↗
- Tenuta San Guido | Three wines ↗
- Tenuta San Guido|Sassicaia ↗
- Ornellaia: Le Serre Nuove 2022 — Technical Data ↗
- Ornellaia|Le Serre Nuove 2024 ↗
- Polaner Selections|Importer・Giacomo Conterno ↗
- Wilson Daniels | Importer – Gaja Barbaresco ↗
- Wilson Daniels | Importer – Gaja Darmagi ↗
- Vietti|Barolo ↗
- Vietti|Barolo Ravera ↗
- Polaner Selections|Importer・Didier Dagueneau ↗
- Centre-Loire|Producer location ↗
- Zind-Humbrecht|Estate Introduction ↗
- Zind-Humbrecht|Brand Riesling 2022 ↗
- Zind-Humbrecht|Rangen Riesling 2022 ↗
- Château Rayas|Vineyards and grape varieties ↗
- Château Rayas|Red and white ↗
- Beaucastel | Wine List ↗
- Beaucastel|Coudoulet Rouge 2019 ↗
- Paul Jaboulet Aîné|Thalabert Rouge ↗
- Paul Jaboulet Aîné|Thalabert Mule Blanche ↗
- M. Chapoutier|Monier de la Sizeranne ↗
- M. Chapoutier|Le Pavillon 2016 ↗
- Skurnik | Importer and Egly-Ouriet introduction ↗
- Skurnik|Les Crayères ↗
- Skurnik|Les Vignes de Vrigny ↗
- Jacques Selosse/Les Avisés | The history of the estate and cultivation ↗
- Billecart-Salmon | Le Sous Bois: Description Based on the 2017 Base ↗
- Pol Roger|Brut Réserve・Technical information ↗
- Pol Roger|Pure・Technical information ↗
- Champagne Salon|Vineyards and winemaking ↗
- LVMH|Dom Pérignon: single vintage and maturation ↗
- Ruinart|Blanc de Blancs ↗
- Taittinger | Description of Brut Réserve ↗
- Taittinger|FAQ・Comtes de Champagne ↗
- Louis Roederer | Composition of Collection 242 ↗
- Krug|Clos du Mesnil ↗
- Veuve Clicquot|Yellow Label ↗
- Veuve Clicquot|Extra Brut Extra Old 3rd Edition ↗
- Moët & Chandon|Moët Impérial・Limited bottle product description ↗
- Moët & Chandon|Grand Vintage Collection ↗
- Faiveley | Wines and Regions ↗
- Faiveley|Mercurey Clos des Myglands ↗
- Louis Jadot|Beaune Clos des Ursules ↗
- Louis Jadot|Clos des Ursules: ownership and classification ↗
- Georges Roumier|Bonnes-Mares 2023 ↗
- Armand Rousseau|Clos Saint-Jacques ↗
- Armand Rousseau|Clos des Ruchottes ↗
- BIVB | Vincent Dauvissat Producer Information ↗
- Raveneau | Producer Introduction ↗
- Raveneau|Chapelot ↗
- Raveneau|Chablis ↗
- Kermit Lynch Wine Merchant | Importer’s technical resources ↗
- Leflaive|La famille des vins Leflaive ↗
- Martine’s Wines|Importer’s Brochure, Summer 2016 p.11 ↗
- Domaine de la Romanée-Conti|Grand Crus ↗
- Domaine de la Romanée-Conti | 2015 Vintage ↗
- Domaine de la Romanée-Conti | 2016 Vintage ↗
- Lynch-Bages | Wines and winemaking ↗
- Pontet-Canet|From the vineyard to the cellar ↗
- Cos d’Estournel|Vineyards and gravity-flow cellar ↗
- Cos d’Estournel|Explanation of the 2021 blend ↗
- Domaines Delon|Léoville Las Cases ↗
- Domaines Delon|Clos du Marquis ↗
- Château d’Yquem|2023 Technical Information ↗
- Vignobles Perse|The terroir of Château Pavie ↗
- Angélus|A signature ↗
- Ausone|Spirit and practices ↗
- Ausone|Divine bottles ↗
- Ausone|Cellar in limestone ↗
- Cheval Blanc|The vineyard ↗
- Cheval Blanc|Vinification ↗
- Duclot | Explanation of ownership relationships ↗
- Établissements Jean-Pierre Moueix|La Fleur-Pétrus ↗
- Haut-Brion|Le Clarence ↗
- Haut-Brion|La Clarté ↗
- Mouton Rothschild|Wine List ↗
- Mouton Rothschild|Aile d’Argent 2021 ↗
- Château Latour|Time until release ↗
- Château Latour|Les Forts de Latour ↗
- Lafite Rothschild|Vineyards and wines ↗
- Bollinger|Special Cuvée ↗
- Guigal|La Mouline ↗
- Guigal|La Landonne ↗
- Trimbach|Clos Sainte Hune ↗
- Domaine Huet | The three vineyards and wine styles ↗
- Biodyvin|Domaine Huet ↗
- Produttori del Barbaresco|Asili 2021 ↗
- Produttori del Barbaresco|Rabajà 2021 ↗
- Antinori|Tignanello 2022 ↗
- Biondi-Santi|Rosso 2022 ↗
- Biondi-Santi|Brunello 2020 ↗
- Cantina Terlano|Nova Domus 2023 ↗
- Fontodi|Chianti Classico ↗
- Fontodi|Flaccianello della Pieve ↗
- Masi|Costasera ↗
- Masi|Campofiorin Technical Notes ↗
- López de Heredia|Viña Gravonia ↗
- López de Heredia|Viña Tondonia White Reserva ↗
- González Byass|Tío Pepe technical sheet ↗
- González Byass|Alfonso technical sheet ↗
- Taylor’s|Late Bottled Vintage ↗
- Taylor’s|20 Year Old Tawny ↗
- Taylor’s | Main grape varieties for Port ↗
- Niepoort|Vineyards and wineries in each region ↗
- Dr. Loosen|GG ↗
- Dr. Loosen|GG Réserve ↗
- Bründlmayer|Heiligenstein Riesling 2023 ↗
- Bründlmayer|Lamm Grüner Veltliner 2023 ↗
- Disznókő | Differences between Aszú and Édes Szamorodni ↗
- GAIA|Thalassitis ↗
- GAIA|Assyrtiko Wild Ferment ↗
- Gantenbein|Producer, Vineyards, Winery ↗
- Ridge Vineyards|Lytton Springs 2023 ↗
- Penfolds|Bin 389 2021 ↗
- Penfolds|Bin 389 2022 ↗
- Cloudy Bay|Sauvignon Blanc 2023 ↗
- Familia Torres: Estelado Rosé 2024 Technical Sheet ↗
- Familia Torres|VIGNO Carignan 2020 ↗
- Montes|Purple Angel 2018 ↗
- Catena Zapata:White Stones Chardonnay 2020 ↗
- Catena Zapata|White Bones 2020 ↗
- Klein Constantia|Sauvignon Blanc 2023 ↗
- Inniskillin|Vidal Icewine 2014 ↗
- Inniskillin|Gold Vidal Icewine 2014 ↗
- Cramele Recaș|Sole Fetească Regală ↗
- Cramele Recaș|Sole Orange Wine ↗
- Bessa Valley|Petite Syrah 2020 ↗
- Bessa Valley|Grande Cuvée 2020 ↗
- Purcari official: Negru de Purcari product information ↗
- Château Purcari|Products and collections ↗
- Schuchmann|Rkatsiteli ↗
- Schuchmann|Vinoterra Saperavi ↗
- Movia|Rebula 2024 ↗
- Movia|Lunar Ribolla 2021 ↗
- Kozlović|Malvazija 2020 ↗
- Kozlović|Santa Lucia Malvazija 2018 ↗
- Kozlović|Santa Lucia white and red wines ↗
- Domaines Vinsmoselle | History of the cooperative ↗
- Domaines Vinsmoselle:Poll-Fabaire Brut ↗
- Domaines Vinsmoselle|POLL-FABAIRE Chardonnay Brut ↗
- Nyetimber:Classic Cuvee Multi-Vintage ↗
- Nyetimber|Blanc de Blancs 2018 ↗
- Bodega Garzón|Tannat Reserva 2020 ↗
- Garzón: Albariño Reserva 2023 technical sheet ↗
- ICEX|Spain's seven wine regions ↗
- DO Cava|Official materials on categories and zones ↗
- Spanish Ministry of Agriculture | DOP, IGP, and Traditional Terms for Wine ↗
- DOCa Rioja | Classification by origin and aging ↗
- Ribera del Duero | Regional documents ↗
- DOQ Priorat | Grapes and Vine Growing Areas ↗
- DOCa Rioja | The three production regions ↗
- DOCa Rioja|Vino de Pueblo ↗
- DOCa Rioja | 2024 labeling requirements ↗
- Rías Baixas | PDO specification (UK public document) ↗
- ICEX|Introduction to major regions ↗
- DO Jumilla|Regions and production sites ↗
- ICEX|Jumilla and Monastrell ↗
- Sherry Appellation Council|Flor and Biological Ageing ↗
- Sherry Appellation Council|Criadera and Solera ↗
- ViniPortugal|Wine Regions ↗
- ViniPortugal|Certification System ↗
- ViniPortugal|Setúbal Peninsula ↗
- IVDP | Special Port categories (Portuguese, current explanation) ↗
- ViniPortugal|Main Grape Varieties ↗
- ViniPortugal|Vinho Verde ↗
- IVDP | Douro region, climate, and soils ↗
- ViniPortugal|Dão and Lafões ↗
- ViniPortugal|Alentejo ↗
- Madeira Wine Company | Fortification and two maturation methods ↗
- DWI | 13 Production Regions ↗
- DWI | Grapes ↗
- DWI | Indication of origin and application from 2026 ↗
- DWI | Classification of origin ↗
- DWI | Mosel ↗
- DWI | Baden ↗
- DWI | Franken ↗
- DWI | Calmont's Steep Slopes ↗
- DWI | Rheingau ↗
- DWI | Rheinhessen ↗
- DWI | Pfalz ↗
- DWI | Nahe ↗
- VDP | Association’s origin classification ↗
- DWI | Winzersekt ↗
- Austrian Embassy | Regional geography ↗
- Ministry of Agriculture | DAC ↗
- RIS | Austrian Wine Law (Landwein・Qualitätswein・Prädikatswein) ↗
- Wein Steiermark | Morillon ↗
- Neusiedlersee DAC|Wine and grape varieties ↗
- Wein Steiermark | Schilcher ↗
- Eisenberg DAC|Wines ↗
- Wein Steiermark | DAC Appellation System ↗
- Vinea Wachau|Codex 2024 ↗
- Sekt Austria | Origin and Aging by Category ↗
- Magyar Bor|List of Regions ↗
- Magyar Bor|Balaton ↗
- Eger Regional Association|Bikavér ↗
- Magyar Bor|How to Read Indications of Origin ↗
- Disznókő | Dry Szamorodni 2018 Technical Data ↗
- Magyar Bor|White Varieties ↗
- Magyar Bor|Red Varieties ↗
- Magyar Bor|Olaszrizling ↗
- Magyar Bor|Synonyms for Kékfrankos ↗
- Magyar Bor|Somló ↗
- Magyar Bor|Tokaj ↗
- Magyar Bor|Eger ↗
- Magyar Bor|Villány ↗
- Magyar Bor|Szekszárd ↗
- Magyar Bor|Upper Pannonia ↗
- Magyar Bor|Kékfrankos ↗
- Magyar Bor|Tokaj’s Region of Origin and Wine Categories ↗
- Disznókő | Sweet Szamorodni 2019 Technical Data ↗
- Wines of Greece|List of Appellations ↗
- Enterprise Greece | Main Varieties ↗
- Wines of Greece | Moschofilero and Mantinia ↗
- Wines of Greece|Wine Classifications ↗
- EU Official Journal|Santorini Specification Amendment (2022/C 143/09) ↗
- Visit Greece|Crete Grapes and Regions ↗
- Wines of Greece|PDO naoussa ↗
- Wines of Greece|PDO nemea ↗
- SantoWines | Viticulture and Island Conditions ↗
- Wines of Greece|Vinsanto ↗
- Samos Cooperative | Nectar ↗
- Samos Cooperative | Vin Doux ↗
- SantoWines | Vinsanto 1993 Process ↗
- Swiss Wine | The six wine regions ↗
- Swiss Federal Office for Agriculture | Wine classification and management ↗
- Swiss Wine | Main varieties ↗
- Swiss Wine|german-speaking-switzerland ↗
- Swiss Wine|valais ↗
- Swiss Wine|ticino ↗
- Swiss Wine|vaud ↗
- Swiss Wine|geneva ↗
- Gialdi|Bianco Rovere 2023 technical sheet ↗
- Swiss Wine|three-lakes ↗
- UNESCO|Lavaux, Vineyard Terraces ↗
- Swiss Wine|Heida ↗
- Valais Wine|Johannisberg ↗
- Wine Institute | California's Regions and Labeling ↗
- Oregon Wine Board: List of Regions ↗
- Washington State Wine Commission|Columbia Valley ↗
- New York Wine & Grape Foundation|Finger Lakes ↗
- New York Wine & Grape Foundation|Long Island ↗
- Virginia Wine|Major State Varieties ↗
- TTB | Origin and Estate bottled ↗
- Napa Valley Vintners|Topography and Climate ↗
- Sonoma County Vintners | All AVAs ↗
- Oregon Wine Board: Grapes ↗
- New York Wine & Grape Foundation|Grapes ↗
- Napa Valley Vintners|Napa Valley appellation map ↗
- Santa Barbara Vintners | East-West Valleys and the Sea ↗
- Santa Barbara Vintners | Regional Wines ↗
- Lodi Winegrape Commission|Mediterranean climate ↗
- Wine Institute | California Region Map ↗
- Oregon Wine Board: Labeling Rules ↗
- Washington State Wine Commission | Each AVA ↗
- New York Wine & Grape Foundation|2024 Reference Guide ↗
- TTB | Grape variety labelling ↗
- eCFR|27 CFR 4.27 Vintage Year Statement ↗
- Wine Australia | Foundations Study Materials ↗
- Wine Australia|Margaret River ↗
- Wine Australia|Eden Valley ↗
- Wine Australia | 2025 Harvest Report – Inland Regions ↗
- Wine Australia|Granite Belt ↗
- Wine Australia | Blending and Labelling Rules ↗
- Wine Australia | The 85% Rule for Single-Origin Labelling ↗
- Wine Australia | GI Register ↗
- Wine Australia | Hierarchy of GI Geographic Levels ↗
- Wine Australia|Semillon ↗
- Barossa Australia | Elevation and Climate Comparison of Two Regions ↗
- Wine Australia|Clare Valley ↗
- Adelaide Hills Wine|Grape varieties and styles ↗
- McLaren Vale Wine|Grenache and Producers ↗
- Coonawarra Vignerons|Regional terrain and soils ↗
- Wine Australia|Great Southern ↗
- Wine Australia|Yarra Valley ↗
- Wine Tasmania | 2022 Regional Guide ↗
- Campbells | Barrel aging ↗
- Campbells|Rutherglen Muscat ↗
- Campbells | Muscat and Topaque varieties ↗
- Wine Australia listing – Chambers | Rutherglen Muscat winemaking materials ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers: Overview of the regions ↗
- IPONZ: Conditions for using New Zealand GIs ↗
- MPI: Wine Labeling Requirements ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers:auckland ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers:northcanterbury ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers:northland ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers:gisborne ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers:wairarapa ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers:marlborough ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers|Marlborough ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers:nelson ↗
- New Zealand Winegrowers:waitakivalley ↗
- Méthode Marlborough: Participation and Display Criteria ↗
- SAG: Decreto 464, 2026/7/14 edition ↗
- Tabalí: Talinay's coastal environment ↗
- Errázuriz: Vineyards in Aconcagua ↗
- SAG: Origin Certification Regulations ↗
- VIGNO: Current production standards ↗
- Luis Felipe Edwards: Cinsault and País from Itata ↗
- Wines of Chile: Regional Map ↗
- Casas del Bosque:Casablanca Chardonnay ↗
- Santa Rita: Casa Real and Alto Jahuel · 2026 ↗
- Don Melchor | 2022 Technical Information ↗
- Miguel Torres: Wine & Vineyards ↗
- Wines of Chile: Regions and Grapes ↗
- Miguel Torres:Estelado Rosé ↗
- Miguel Torres:Estelado Rosé ↗
- Wines of Argentina: Four Environmental Challenges in Viticulture ↗
- Wines of Argentina: Topography and Regional Maps ↗
- Wines of Argentina: Irrigation and History of Río Negro ↗
- Government of Argentina: Law of Origin 25.163 ↗
- INV: Current label guidelines ↗
- Luján de Cuyo DOC Council ↗
- INV: Identification of Bonarda Argentina, 2008 ↗
- Wines of Argentina: Styles of Torrontés ↗
- Wines of Argentina: Mendoza Region Reference ↗
- Wines of Argentina: Gualtallary and Paraje Altamira ↗
- Wines of Argentina:San Rafael ↗
- Wines of Argentina:San Juan ↗
- Wines of Argentina: Calchaquí Valleys — 2025 ↗
- Wines of Argentina:La Rioja ↗
- Wines of Argentina: Pinot Noir Regions — 2026 ↗
- INV:Resolución 26/2021 ↗
- WOSA:Winelands of South Africa ↗
- Stellenbosch Cabernet: Mountain and ocean influences ↗
- South Hill: Elgin’s cool climate conditions ↗
- WOSA:Wine of Origin scheme ↗
- Ministry of Agriculture: Wine Export Guide・Labeling Standards ↗
- WOSA: Grape Varieties and Industry Overview ↗
- Pinotage Association: 2025 grape variety information ↗
- WOSA|South African Soils ↗
- WOSA|Polkadraai and Ocean Influence ↗
- Swartland Wine and Olive Route: Geology ↗
- Cap Classique Producers Association: 2021 reference materials ↗
- Cap Classique Producers Association: 2025 category regulations ↗
- Wines of Canada: Major Regions ↗
- Wine Growers BC: Climate and Soil ↗
- Ontario Wine Appellation Authority:Niagara Peninsula ↗
- Vins du Québec:IGP ↗
- Wine Growers Nova Scotia: Regions and Styles ↗
- Wine Growers BC: Grape Varieties ↗
- Vins du Québec:Grapes ↗
- Ontario Wine Appellation Authority:Lake Erie North Shore ↗
- Ontario Wine Appellation Authority:Prince Edward County ↗
- Traynor Family Vineyard: Winter vine protection ↗
- BC Wine Authority:Okanagan Valley ↗
- Wine Growers BC:Naramata Bench ↗
- Wine Growers BC: The Nine Regions ↗
- Wine Growers BC:Fraser Valley ↗
- Wine Growers Nova Scotia: Touring the Regions ↗
- Wine Growers Nova Scotia: Overview of the Tidal Bay Regulations ↗
- ONVPV: Classification of growing regions, updated 2022 ↗
- Jidvei: Târnave vineyards and grape varieties ↗
- ONVPV: Dealu Mare DOC Specifications, including 2022 updates ↗
- ONVPV: Cotnari DOC Specifications ↗
- ONVPV: Certification of DOC, IG, and varietal-labeled wines ↗
- Jidvei: Cultivated grape varieties ↗
- Prince Știrbey: Wines of indigenous varieties ↗
- Cramele Recaș:Selene Fetească Neagră 2023 ↗
- Jidvei: Extra Dry technical sheet・NV ↗
- ONVPV: Panciu DOC Specifications ↗
- Prince Știrbey: Vineyards and slopes ↗
- Balla Géza: Miniș Varieties and Winemaking ↗
- EU: Murfatlar PDO Specification・2025 Announcement ↗
- Bulgarian Ministry of Tourism: Five Regions and Indigenous Varieties ↗
- EU: Dunavska Ravnina PGI Specification・2023 Announcement ↗
- UK government registration: Trakiyska Nizina PGI ↗
- Villa Melnik: Vineyards & Winemaking ↗
- EU: Melnik PDO Specification Amendment Approved・2023 ↗
- Domaine Bessa Valley: Enira Reserva 2019 and winemaking ↗
- Varna City sightseeing: Wine region ↗
- Villa Melnik: Orange Wine Announcement Materials・2016 ↗
- ONVV / Wine of Moldova: Regions with indication of origin ↗
- ONVV/Wine of Moldova:Codru PGI ↗
- Ștefan Vodă PGI Association: Region and Topography ↗
- Valul lui Traian PGI association: three subregions ↗
- ONVV: Wine Regions Guide ↗
- ONVV / Wine of Moldova: Scope and coverage of Divin ↗
- ONVV / Wine of Moldova: Indigenous varieties ↗
- ONVV: Cultivated Varieties and Regions Guide, 2022 ↗
- Cricova|Underground cellars ↗
- ONVV / Wine of Moldova: Cricova and Cuvée Prestige ↗
- National Wine Agency: Growing regions ↗
- Sakpatenti: Appellation Registration ↗
- Sakpatenti: Kindzmarauli Specification ↗
- UNESCO: Decision to register in 2013 ↗
- Slovenian government: Wine and regions ↗
- Slovenian Tourist Board: Wine regions ↗
- Slovenian government: Quality and labelling systems ↗
- Klet Brda: Rebula ↗
- Slovenian Tourist Board: Cviček ↗
- Government publication: Cviček amendment specification document (2025) ↗
- Vina Croatia: Four Regions ↗
- Vina Croatia: Regions & Varieties Guide ↗
- EU: Croatian Traditional Terms 2019/1718 ↗
- Ministry of Agriculture: Dingač Specifications ↗
- Vina Croatia: Grape Varieties ↗
- Vina Croatia:Croatian Uplands ↗
- Ministry of Agriculture: Prošek Production Method ↗
- Grgić Vina:Plavac Mali 2016 ↗
- Vins & Crémants Luxembourg: Moselle ↗
- Luxembourg Government: Wine Regions ↗
- IVV: AOP specification 2020 (government public version) ↗
- Government AOP site: Labelling and origin ↗
- Government AOP site: Grapes ↗
- Vins & Crémants Luxembourg: Sweet wine production methods ↗
- WineGB: Explanation of Regions ↗
- UK government: Still Wine Quality Scheme (2025) ↗
- WSTA: British Wine Indication Code ↗
- UK government: Sussex product specification ↗
- Welsh Government: Research on viticulture and tourism ↗
- WineGB East: 2026 Regional Information ↗
- UK government: Sussex PDO registration ↗
- INAVI: Regions ↗
- Bouza: Cultivated Varieties ↗
- IMPO: Decree 283/993 (including amendments) ↗
- Garzón: Tannat Reserva 2023 technical sheet ↗
- National Tax Agency: GI Hokkaido production standards ↗
- National Tax Agency: GI Nagano production standards ↗
- National Tax Agency: Fruit wine and similar production method and quality labeling standards ↗
- National Tax Agency: Status of geographical indication designations ↗
- National Tax Agency: GI Yamanashi production standards ↗
- Nagano Prefecture: The Shinshu Wine Valley Initiative ↗
- National Tax Agency: GI Yamagata production standards (grape wine) ↗
- Tsuno Wine: Unique cultivation and winemaking methods ↗
- Suntory: Tomi no Oka, covering records (2015) ↗
- Suntory: Tomi no Oka, vineyard replanting (2016) ↗
- Society of Wine Educators | Bordeaux vineyard map ↗
- Champagne Committee | Geography of the 4 subregions ↗